In Turkey, a growing economy and a growing population, the need for energy and natural resources are increasingly leads to an increase. It has recorded the fastest growth in the OECD with an annual growth of 5.5% since 2002. As of this date, the basic energy supply to Turkey in 17 years two-fold increase from 155 Mtoe to 78.4 Mtoe rose. Turkey’s increasing economic performance, total installed capacity of 31.8 GW to 88.5 GW, 305.5 TWh of electricity consumption is significant from the end of 2018, showing a rise of 132.6 TWh of electricity production infrastructure also reflected. In order to meet the increasing needs of the country, the current capacity is expected to reach 110 GW by 2023 by increasing private sector investments as stated in the 11th Development Plan for the 2019-2023 period.

Employment in the sector, which is estimated to have attracted approximately US $ 16 billion of international direct investment since the early 2000s, exceeded 139,000. Today, more than 20% of the employment in the ICT sector consists of R&D personnel, while approximately 70% of those working in the sector are under the age of 35. 

The success of the privatization and liberalization program, which has been going on since 2002, has transferred 78% of all electricity distribution assets as well as electricity generation assets to the private sector, generating $ 23 billion in revenue for the Treasury. In the same period, new public and private investments worth approximately US $ 100 billion were completed in power generation, transmission and distribution assets. The strategy of privatizing electricity generation assets and paving the way for private investments enabled private enterprises to increase their share in electricity generation from 40% in 2002 to 85% in 2018. Responsible for the management and operation of energy markets, including electricity and gas products, within the scope of its strategy to increase liberalization and competition in the market, Enerji Pazarları İşletme A.Ş. (EPİAŞ) was established in 2013.

supported with Turkey’s liberalization efforts of the outstanding economic performance in 2002 and in the amount of approximately US $ 209 billion between 2018 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has allowed him to withdraw and about 18 billion US dollars, much of that amount was also transferred to the energy sector. In 2018, investors carried out a total of USD 12 billion in mergers and acquisitions with 256 agreements in various sectors, and the energy sector is among the leading sectors in terms of mergers and acquisitions transaction volume with USD 400 million.

Admittedly, Turkey, 73% of the energy needs of the country is a net energy importer who obtained through imports. The amount of energy imported in 2017 reached US $ 42.99 billion in 2018, with an almost 15.6% increase. However, excluding fluctuations in certain years, invoices showed a marked decline from USD 60.1 billion in 2012 to USD 37.2 billion in 2017. Import dependency has been the main driving force behind the creation and implementation of new policies and investment models to engage local and renewable energy sources.

A significant amount of potential with the use of this renewable energy potential in Turkey has increased over the last decade. As of the end of 2018, hydro, 7.01 GW and solar resources constitute 28.29 GW of the total installed capacity. As part of its efforts to promote localization, the Turkish government has made it a priority to increase the share of renewable energies to 30%, increasing the installed geothermal capacity to 3 GW by 2023, and solar and wind installed capacity to 16 GW each by 2027. . In order to create a favorable investment environment to strengthen the market position of renewable energy sources after 2020, the government deals with different types of investors and is supported by lucrative incentives, unlicensed (small scale), 

The use of local coal reserves for electricity generation in accordance with environmental standards has also been prioritized as a means of increasing localization. The government has adopted a new tender mechanism based on the obligation to build and operate coal-fired power plants in its vicinity and the transfer of coal reserves to the private sector. Turkey, which total 17.3 billion tons of coal reserves and a significant amount of what has mostly consisting of lignite. The main coal reserves are located in Kangal, Orhaneli, Tufanbeyli, Soma, Tunçbilek, Seyitömer, Çan, Muğla, Çayırhan, Afşin-Elbistan, Karapınar, Tekirdağ, Alpu and Afyonkarahisar. Among these reserves Afshar-Elbistan area contains 28% of Turkey’s total lignite reserves 4.8 billion tons of lignite reserves. Areas subject to reverse bidding 6,

Turkey’s natural gas sector is also important to note that records continuous improvement. Security of supply and seasonal gas to Turkey in order to increase the transmission capacity in 2018 two Floating Storage and gasification Unit (FSRU) terminal by commissioning Salt Lake was inaugurated the first phase of the Natural Gas Storage Facility. Another purpose of these investments in Turkey’s gas storage capacity of 4 bcm is to increase the current level of 11 bcm by 2023. 

Large energy consumers and suppliers in the intersection, Turkey has a strategic position as a regional energy hub undertake the task. Current and planned oil / natural gas pipelines, critical and Turkey Turkish straits around the promising hydrocarbon reserves, to provide more advantages over regional projects and reinforces its position in the crossover nature of the country. 

Turkey has taken important steps towards energy efficiency. Turkey, adopted in 2018 as the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, aims to save a total of 30.2 billion US dollars by the year 2033. In this context, approximately 11 billion US dollars will be invested until 2023, and energy saving equivalent to 23.9 Mtoe will be achieved. These savings, compared to the basic use scenario, Turkey’s primary energy consumption is equivalent to a reduction of 14% in 2023. As part of the efficiency study Turkey, and until the year 2023 20.000 people will provide additional employment, as well as 4.2 billion US dollars worth will eliminate the need for power plant investments.